Designed and Validation of Effective Nonprofit Schools Questionnaire from Parents' Viewpoint
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Master of Education Sciences (Human Resources Education and Improvement), Department of Education at the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Mohaghegh Ardebili University, Ardabil, Iran
2 PhD. student in the field of educational management, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
3 PhD of Neuroscience, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
4 PhD student in Health Psychology, Educational Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Method: This research was applied in terms of purpose, mixed in terms of data nature, and exploratory in terms of execution. In the qualitative section, semi-structured interviews and grounded theory were utilized. The qualitative statistical population consisted of three groups: university faculty in the field of educational sciences, non-governmental school managers, and parents of students from non-governmental schools, with 15 individuals selected from each group based on the principle of theoretical saturation. The statistical population for the quantitative section included all parents of students from non-governmental schools in the city of Ardabil, from which 335 individuals were selected as the sample size using stratified random sampling. The data collection tool in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire derived from refined concepts obtained from the basic themes. In the analysis of the questions, which was conducted using thematic analysis and the MAXQDA software, the first phase involved collecting structural codes through open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. In the second phase, the demographic characteristics of the participants were examined using SPSS.16 software. Moreover, to assess the goodness of fit of the model obtained from the first phase, due to the non-normal distribution of data, the partial least squares (PLS) method and bootstrapping techniques were employed using Smart PLS software.
Findings: The findings of the research show that the designed questionnaire of the characteristics of effective non-profit schools from the perspective of parents under the categories of effective management (51.2%), specific effective goals (55.9%), and the level of effective expectations from students (51.1%) Effective participation of parents (58.1%), effective monitoring and effective feedback (60.9%), effective provision of resources (58.5%), academic progress (88.9%), effective strategies learning (83.9%), effective educational atmosphere (90.2%), effective decision-making (86.8%), effective school culture (90.2%), effective teacher (88.7%) Effective cohesion of employees and stakeholders (89.3%), effective adaptation to the environment (86.1%) and effective use of information and communication technology (89.6%) were categorized and suitable for validation (p<0.05). .
Conclusion: Considering the findings of the research, it can be said that the questionnaire of the characteristics of effective non-profit schools has good validity and reliability from the parents' point of view. According to this result and in order to provide the conditions for the realization of the identified components that can be considered as parents' expectations of effective non-profit schools, it is recommended to consider effective administrative and educational frameworks and strategies for constructive and reasonable decisions.
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